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AI Agents: How They Work

What makes a system an AI agent, how the plan–act–observe loop works, and the building blocks behind tools, memory and orchestration.

Format
Guide · Intermediate
Level
Intermediate
Length
10 min read
Updated
Sep 2026
Topics
how AI agents work, what is an AI agent, agent tool calling

A working definition

An AI agent is a system where a language model decides which steps to take, and in what order, to reach a goal. It can call tools such as search, databases or APIs, look at the results, and choose what to do next until the task is complete.

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